26 25 3209 https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/jul27_14_6ab1d9b7e7.jpg 4c566c313564b358b44af16c9edec524 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 2421 Height 3632 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Josie Carrillo Johnson Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Carrillo Johnson, Josie Resolution pixels per inch 300 Electronic Dimensions Digital file dims. in pixels. 2421 x 3632 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Steve Velasquez Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Josie Carrillo Johnson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2005-00-00 Description An account of the resource Letter Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEP Relation A related resource Roberto Carrillo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEP Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived San Jose Subject The topic of the resource letter Title A name given to the resource Letter Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Rights Holder Josie Carrillo Johnson Temporal Coverage 1957-04-16 Carrillo letter https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/jul27_15_5544758460.jpg f0bb109bcf0eb6a102cfad5c4df1f126 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 2421 Height 3632 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Josie Carrillo Johnson Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Carrillo Johnson, Josie Resolution pixels per inch 300 Electronic Dimensions Digital file dims. in pixels. 2421 x 3632 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Steve Velasquez Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Josie Carrillo Johnson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2005-00-00 Description An account of the resource Letter Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEP Relation A related resource Roberto Carrillo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEP Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived San Jose Subject The topic of the resource letter Title A name given to the resource Letter Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Rights Holder Josie Carrillo Johnson Carrillo letter https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/jul27_16_0e16bf50ef.jpg b7f8deeeae479d836a2204fff25d984b Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 2005 Height 3221 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Josie Carrillo Johnson Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Carrillo Johnson, Josie Resolution pixels per inch 300 Electronic Dimensions Digital file dims. in pixels. 2005 x 3221 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Steve Velasquez Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Josie Carrillo Johnson Roberto Carrillo Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2005-00-00 Description An account of the resource Letter from Roberto Carrillo to his children. Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEP Relation A related resource Roberto Carrillo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEP Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived San Jose Subject The topic of the resource letter Title A name given to the resource Letter Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Rights Holder Josie Carrillo Johnson Temporal Coverage 1960-02-22 Carrillo letter https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/jul27_17_1f5fa0514e.jpg 70b6b41ea948c4b7dfa37c2ae6492a6e Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 2501 Height 4021 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Josie Carrillo Johnson Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Carrillo Johnson, Josie Resolution pixels per inch 300 Electronic Dimensions Digital file dims. in pixels. 2501 x 4021 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Steve Velasquez Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Josie Carrillo Johnson Roberto Carrillo Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2005-00-00 Description An account of the resource Letter from Roberto Carrillo to his wife, April 25, 1957. Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEP Relation A related resource Roberto Carrillo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEP Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived San Jose Subject The topic of the resource letter Title A name given to the resource Letter Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage California Rights Holder Josie Carrillo Johnson Temporal Coverage 1957-04-25 Carrillo letter https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/jul27_18_1311c91418.jpg bff5a2f9e03fa584d256a630c268ea25 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 2506 Height 4037 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Josie Carrillo Johnson Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Carrillo Johnson, Josie Resolution pixels per inch 300 Electronic Dimensions Digital file dims. in pixels. 2506 x 4037 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Steve Velasquez Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Josie Carrillo Johnson Roberto Carrillo Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2005-00-00 Description An account of the resource Letter from Roberto to wife. Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEP Relation A related resource Roberto Carrillo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEP Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived San Jose Subject The topic of the resource letter Title A name given to the resource Letter Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage San Fernando, California Rights Holder Josie Carrillo Johnson Carrillo letter https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/jul27_20_164ceddec3.jpg 419e48cbec0b17f83dc4de3f73733e2e Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 3402 Height 4677 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Josie Carrillo Johnson Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Carrillo Johnson, Josie Resolution pixels per inch 300 Electronic Dimensions Digital file dims. in pixels. 3402 x 4677 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Steve Velasquez Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Josie Carrillo Johnson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 0205-00-00 Description An account of the resource Letter from Olga de Martinez, 1960. Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEP Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived San Jose Subject The topic of the resource letter Title A name given to the resource Letter Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage California Rights Holder Josie Carrillo Johnson Temporal Coverage 1960-10-26 Carrillo letter https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/jul27_21_f7733533b8.jpg 13915ca3416fe8b61eb573bf93767a38 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 3237 Height 4133 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Josie Carrillo Johnson Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Carrillo Johnson, Josie Resolution pixels per inch 300 Electronic Dimensions Digital file dims. in pixels. 3237 x 4131 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Steve Velasquez Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Josie Carrillo Johnson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2005-00-00 Description An account of the resource Letter dated Sept 22, 1954. Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEP Relation A related resource Roberto Carrillo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEP Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived San Jose Subject The topic of the resource letter Title A name given to the resource Letter Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Rights Holder Josie Carrillo Johnson Temporal Coverage 1954-09-22 Carrillo letter https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/jul27_22_54c6491566.jpg 4e7dd43de4fce4fdfdbbf032a76739cf Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 3189 Height 4677 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Josie Carrillo Johnson Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Carrillo Johnson, Josie Resolution pixels per inch 300 Electronic Dimensions Digital file dims. in pixels. 3189 x 4677 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Steve Velasquez Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Josie Carrillo Johnson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2005-00-00 Description An account of the resource Letter and envelop from Martin Lucero to Roberto Carrillo. Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEP Relation A related resource Roberto Carrillo Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEP Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived San Jose Subject The topic of the resource letter Title A name given to the resource Letter Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Rights Holder Josie Carrillo Johnson Temporal Coverage 1954-00-00 Carrillo letter https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/jul28_01_c834333066.jpg 64008848d3c081617d04df955c990699 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 1674 Height 997 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Jose Hernandez Romero Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Hernandez Romero, Jose Resolution pixels per inch 300 Electronic Dimensions Digital file dims. in pixels. 1674 x 997 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Steve Velasquez Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jose Hernandez Romero Ventura County Citrus Growers Committee Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2005-07-28 Description An account of the resource Card from the Ventura County Citrus Growers Committee, Santa Paula, CA, certifying that Jose Hernandez Romero completed his contract work on 4 - 17 - 59 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available NMAH Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource NMAH Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Salinas Subject The topic of the resource identification card Title A name given to the resource Ventura County Citrus Growers Committee id. card Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Ventura, CA Rights Holder Jose Hernandez Romero Temporal Coverage 1959-04-17 Growers Association Identification Card https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/jul28_01_front_7e1b38cff4.jpg 20c96c3f96b5848ec6df0bd59a1efba9 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 1328 Height 1029 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Jose Hernandez Romero Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Hernandez Romero, Jose Resolution pixels per inch 300 Electronic Dimensions Digital file dims. in pixels. 1328 x 1029 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Steve Velasquez Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jose Hernandez Romero U.S. Department of Justice Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2005-07-28 Description An account of the resource Alien Laborer's Identification Card for Jose Hernandez Romero Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available NMAH Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource NMAH Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Salinas Subject The topic of the resource identification card Title A name given to the resource Alien Laborer's Identification Card Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Calexico, CA Rights Holder Jose Hernandez Romero Temporal Coverage 1955-08-22 Hernandez Identification Card https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/jul28_02_ae146d3eb3.jpg a684cfdb9c892f1043cfa57054dbea2a Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 1418 Height 938 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Jose Hernandez Romero Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Hernandez Romero, Jose Resolution pixels per inch 300 Electronic Dimensions Digital file dims. in pixels. 1418 x 938 description (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'description' Dublin Core field. Lorem Ipsum dolor Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Steve Velasquez Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jose Hernandez Romero Selective Service System Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2005-07-28 Description An account of the resource Selective Service Registration card for Jose Hernandez Romero, registered date of Aug. 16, 1961. Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available NMAH Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource NMAH Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Salinas Subject The topic of the resource identification card Title A name given to the resource Selective Serivce Card Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Salinas, California Rights Holder Jose Hernandez Romero Temporal Coverage 1961-08-16 Hernandez Identification Card https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/acosta_az001_e09ff737e3.mp3 e2aaeaaed9956aabf5910a5163a3fc07 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview. Díaz, Alejandra Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Acosta, Ramona Location The location of the interview. Phoenix, Arizona Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 57:54 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 24 bit 96 k File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Acosta_AZ001 Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. title (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'title' Dublin Core field. Ramona Acosta creator (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'creator' Dublin Core field. Díaz, Alejandra contributor (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'contributor' Dublin Core field. Cristóbal Borges Rights Holder Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cristóbal Borges Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Díaz, Alejandra Acosta, Ramona Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2008-01-09 Description An account of the resource Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Ramona Acosta was born on October 13, 1928, in Phoenix, Arizona; her parents migrated to the United States illegally, where they had three children, of which Ramona was the eldest; when she was roughly five years old, her father was deported, and as a result, they all moved to México, where the family continued to grow; eight years later, Ramona returned to the United States, and shortly thereafter she started working in the fields alongside braceros; consequently, some of her cousins were braceros as well. Summary of Interview: Ms. Acosta vividly describes her family and childhood; when she was roughly five years old, her father was deported, and as a result, the family moved to México; eight years later, Ramona returned to the United States at the bidding of her maternal grandparents; shortly thereafter, she started working in order to help support her family, including her parents, who were still in México; she labored in the fields picking and packing a variety of fruits and vegetables; although she had several employers, she explains that braceros and locals worked side by side; they had the same types of jobs and received the same pay and treatment; she goes on to describe the braceros as diligent, respectful, and amicable; consequently, there were a number of women who also worked in the fields, and they completed all the same tasks as the men; she also talks about her three cousins, who were braceros, and how their employers helped them immigrate to the United States; moreover, she details spending time with the braceros on weekends in stores, at the drive-in movies, or just listening to music and talking; in addition, she also discusses an incident where a group of braceros were driving into town on a bus, and it crashed, resulting in a large number of men dying; it was difficult to gauge the reactions of other braceros and workers, because at the time, radio and television were not used as a means of mass communication; therefore, many of the men’s bodies remain unclaimed, and they were buried in unnamed tombs; she concludes by stating that the bracero program had a positive affect on the city, in general, and on the nation as a whole. Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Subject The topic of the resource Labored in fields alongside braceros Title A name given to the resource Ramona Acosta https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/adame_castro_az002_8d7086b4a6.mp3 4edb8b05a13f11f09de3f360fed4e818 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview. Kalashnikova, Marina Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Adame Castro, José Esequiel Location The location of the interview. Tucson, Arizona Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 42:53 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 24 bit 96 k File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Adame_Castro_AZ002 Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. title (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'title' Dublin Core field. José Esequiel Adame Castro creator (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'creator' Dublin Core field. Kalashnikova, Marina contributor (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'contributor' Dublin Core field. Cristóbal Borges Rights Holder Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cristóbal Borges Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kalashnikova, Marina Adame Castro, José Ezequiel Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2008-01-06 Description An account of the resource Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: José Esequiel Adame was born on January 5, 1940, in Ocampo, Durango, México, but he was raised in Delicias, Chihuahua, México; he was the third born of his four sisters and three brothers; as a child, he received relatively little formal education; when he was ten years old, his mother died, and the family moved back to Durango; during the early forties, his father began working with the bracero program, and José ultimately joined him; as a bracero, José worked in the beet and cotton fields of Colorado, Montana, and Texas, until the program ended in 1964. Summary of Interview: Mr. Adame very briefly describes his family and childhood; he recalls going to Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México, with his father and brother, to enlist as braceros; in order to be allowed into the contracting center, they had to pay, and even then they still had to stay there for a week, and sometimes even longer; they also had to spend money just to sleep on the floor of a hotel while they waited for a contract; once called, they were stripped and medically examined; from there they were transported by cargo train to Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México, and then taken to El Paso, Texas, where they were assessed again and deloused; they were then transferred to Rio Vista, a processing center in Socorro, Texas, before finally being taken to their worksites; each time he was contracted he went through this entire process; as a bracero, he worked in the beet and cotton fields of Colorado, Montana, and Texas; he goes on to detail the various worksites, duties, living amenities, provisions, payment, treatment, recreational activities, and remittances; in addition, he mentions that he often worked for the same employer in Texas; moreover, he details the extreme difficulty of using the short hoe, for hours on end, when laboring in the beet fields; after the program ended, he worked in the United States illegally for a time, but he was ultimately able to gain citizenship; he concludes by stating that he is proud to have been a bracero, because he was able to help not only himself, but the United States as well. Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Subject The topic of the resource bracero Title A name given to the resource José Esequiel Adame Castro https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/adams_az003_8990fc5925.mp3 90dbb1ffbe48981a9429dda0a145dd30 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview. Loza, Mireya Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Adams, Larry Location The location of the interview. Phoenix, Arizona Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 40:00 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 24 bit 96 k File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Adams_AZ003 Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. title (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'title' Dublin Core field. Larry Adams creator (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'creator' Dublin Core field. Loza, Mireya contributor (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'contributor' Dublin Core field. Cristóbal Borges Rights Holder Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cristóbal Borges Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Loza, Mireya Adams, Larry Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2008-01-10 Language A language of the resource eng Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Subject The topic of the resource bracero Title A name given to the resource Larry Adams https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/alarcon_az004_62ac145198.mp3 685864abed1ad35186099826c89d2231 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview. Méndez, Ivonne Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Alarcón, Cándido Location The location of the interview. Phoenix, Arizona Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 31:05 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 24 bit 96 k File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Alarcon_AZ004 Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. title (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'title' Dublin Core field. Cándido Alarcón creator (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'creator' Dublin Core field. Méndez, Ivonne contributor (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'contributor' Dublin Core field. Cristóbal Borges Rights Holder Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cristóbal Borges Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Méndez, Ivonne Alarcón, Cándido Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2008-01-12 Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Subject The topic of the resource bracero Title A name given to the resource Cándido Alarcón https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/alva_medina_az005_5cbcfd4155.mp3 af7c68e67e9d3656380cd97e4ffe17fd Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview. Méndez, Ivonne Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Alva Medina, José Natividad Location The location of the interview. Phoenix, Arizona Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 53:16 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 24 bit 96 k File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Alva_Medina_AZ005 Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. title (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'title' Dublin Core field. José Natividad Alva Medina creator (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'creator' Dublin Core field. Méndez, Ivonne contributor (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'contributor' Dublin Core field. Cristóbal Borges Rights Holder Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cristóbal Borges Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Méndez, Ivonne Alva Medina, José Natividad Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2008-01-12 Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Subject The topic of the resource bracero Title A name given to the resource José Natividad Alva Medina https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/alvarez_canez_az006_faa01195df.mp3 ff7507271d9a19b71f91cb77bdb48551 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview. Acosta, Anais Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Alvarez Cañez, Matilde Location The location of the interview. Mesa, Arizona Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 25:47 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 24 bit 96 k File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Alvarez_Canez_AZ006 Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. title (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'title' Dublin Core field. Matilde Alvarez Cañez creator (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'creator' Dublin Core field. Acosta, Anais contributor (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'contributor' Dublin Core field. Cristóbal Borges Rights Holder Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cristóbal Borges Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Acosta, Anais Alvarez Cañez, Matilde Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2008-01-11 Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Subject The topic of the resource bracero Title A name given to the resource Matilde Alvarez Cañez https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/canez_j_az006_2d4b53f6ef.mp3 ff7507271d9a19b71f91cb77bdb48551 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview. Acosta, Anais Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Cañez, José Location The location of the interview. Mesa, Arizona Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 25:47 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 24 bit 96 k File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Canez_J._AZ006 Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. title (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'title' Dublin Core field. José Cañez creator (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'creator' Dublin Core field. Acosta, Anais contributor (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'contributor' Dublin Core field. Cristóbal Borges Rights Holder Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cristóbal Borges Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Acosta, Anais Cañez, José Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2008-01-11 Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Subject The topic of the resource bracero Title A name given to the resource José Cañez https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/canez_o_az006_ad3fe3ef1e.mp3 ff7507271d9a19b71f91cb77bdb48551 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview. Acosta, Anais Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Cañez, Ofelia Location The location of the interview. Mesa, Arizona Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 25:47 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 24 bit 96 k File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Canez_O._AZ006 Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. title (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'title' Dublin Core field. Ofelia C. Cañez creator (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'creator' Dublin Core field. Acosta, Anais contributor (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'contributor' Dublin Core field. Cristóbal Borges Rights Holder Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cristóbal Borges Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Acosta, Anais Cañez, Ofelia C. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2008-01-11 Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Subject The topic of the resource bracero Title A name given to the resource Ofelia C. Cañez https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/fraijo_az006_0db0512c45.mp3 ff7507271d9a19b71f91cb77bdb48551 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview. Acosta, Anais Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Fraijó, Nellie V. Location The location of the interview. Mesa, Arizona Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 25:47 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 24 bit 96 k File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Fraijo_AZ006 Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. title (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'title' Dublin Core field. Nellie V. Fraijó creator (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'creator' Dublin Core field. Acosta, Anais contributor (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'contributor' Dublin Core field. Cristóbal Borges Rights Holder Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cristóbal Borges Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Acosta, Anais Fraijó, Nellie V. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2008-01-11 Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Subject The topic of the resource bracero Title A name given to the resource Nellie V. Fraijó https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/alvarez_diaz_az007_2a2ac0484b.mp3 bc8f8f3d5c42c29d3e9402028e00c24f Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview. Díaz, Alejandra Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Alvarez Díaz, Bernabé Location The location of the interview. Phoenix, Arizona Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 1:04:19 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 24 bit 96 k File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Alvarez_Diaz_AZ007 Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. title (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'title' Dublin Core field. Bernabé Alvarez Díaz creator (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'creator' Dublin Core field. Díaz, Alejandra contributor (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'contributor' Dublin Core field. Cristóbal Borges Rights Holder Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cristóbal Borges Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Díaz, Alejandra Alvarez Díaz, Bernabé Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2008-01-11 Description An account of the resource Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Bernabé Álvarez was born on June 11, 1938, and he was raised on a ranch in Amacuzac, Morelos, México; he had three brothers and three sisters, but his eldest brother died; when he was eight years old, he started working in the fields, and consequently, he did not receive an education until he was much older; he enlisted in the bracero program in 1961, and continued working with the program until it ended in 1964; as a bracero, he worked throughout California picking beets, cantaloupes, chiles, eggplants, and tomatoes. Summary of Interview: Mr. Álvarez talks about his family and childhood; in 1958, he paid to get his name on the list of eligible workers for the bracero program in Empalme, Sonora, México, but he was only cheated out of his money; later, in 1961, he paid again to get his name on the list, and five days later, he obtained a contract; consequently, he underwent rigorous medical exams while there; he comments that between the first and second time he went to Empalme, the city had grown tremendously, because thousands of people had to spend money while they were waiting there; as a bracero, he worked throughout California picking beets, cantaloupes, chiles, eggplants, and tomatoes; he goes on to detail the various worksites, duties, housing, provisions, recreational activities, and remittances; in addition, he explains how tremendously strenuous and painful it was to work in the beet fields, because he had to use the short hoe; even after a week of using it, he still found it difficult to sit, stand, or even eat; he repeatedly mentions that the heat was unbearable; in fact, many men left before fulfilling their contracts; furthermore, he states that in addition to the copious amounts of water, they were also given salt pills, because they would sweat so much; if they were able to survive the agonizing heat, they could renew their contracts without returning to México; he also describes working with his brother and cousin in 1962; after the program ended, he returned to México, and he continued working in agriculture; overall, having been a bracero proved to be a positive experience for him, because he was able to make a better life for himself and his family. Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Subject The topic of the resource bracero Title A name given to the resource Bernabé Alvarez Díaz https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/andrejol_az008_a69d5122be.mp3 ac033c5c54a9b91da0503f13577b3680 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview. Díaz, Alejandra Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Andrejol, Horacio Location The location of the interview. Tucson, Arizona Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 34:57 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 24 bit 96 k File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Andrejol_AZ008 Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. title (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'title' Dublin Core field. Horacio Andrejol creator (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'creator' Dublin Core field. Díaz, Alejandra contributor (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'contributor' Dublin Core field. Cristóbal Borges Rights Holder Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cristóbal Borges Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Díaz, Alejandra Andrejol, Horacio Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2008-01-04 Description An account of the resource Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Horacio Andrejal was born on May 15, 1934, in Caborca, Sonora, México; he had three brothers and five sisters, and his parents worked in agriculture; his formal education extended only through the second grade; in 1960, he was married. Summary of Interview: Mr. Andrejal briefly describes his family; for a time he worked illegally in California, but his employer helped him become a bracero toward the end of 1958; he then completed an eighteen month contract; his boss wanted him to drive, but as a bracero he was not allowed to, so he was sent to Tijuana, Baja California, México, to arrange for legal residency; as a bracero, his primary responsibility was to feed and care for livestock; he initially returned to Empalme, Sonora, México, and he waited for fifteen days while he was sent money by his employer in the states on the condition that he return to work for the money he was given; in Mexicali, Baja California, he passed as a specialized worker; he was medically examined, and the next day he went to work; his employer had a list of workers’ names, which allowed men to pass much more quickly; while working illegally, he picked cotton, and he was treated horribly, including being severely underpaid; he goes on to describe the daily routines, duties, housing, provision, treatment, payments, remittances, friendships, and recreational activities; instead of writing letters home, he was fortunate enough to visit his wife in Mexicali, on a regular basis; he and other workers would often take turns leaving the camp in the evenings; later, he was able to establish residency for his wife; he goes on to detail the work he did after the program; overall, his memories of having been a bracero are positive, because he was able to work legally, become a legal resident, and ultimately a citizen. Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Subject The topic of the resource bracero Title A name given to the resource Horacio Andrejol https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/arrieta_az009_7c9087233a.mp3 c41e3b9a821dabe9e159b1dbb788dd0d Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview. Valles, Alejandra Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Arrieta, Sara Location The location of the interview. Phoenix, Arizona Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 17:38 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 24 bit 96 k File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Arrieta_AZ009 Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. title (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'title' Dublin Core field. Sara Arrieta creator (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'creator' Dublin Core field. Valles, Alejandra contributor (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'contributor' Dublin Core field. Cristóbal Borges Rights Holder Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cristóbal Borges Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Valles, Alejandra Arrieta, Sara Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2008-01-12 Description An account of the resource Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Sara Arrieta was born on May 25, 1943, in Lerdo, Durango, México; her father, Pedro Arrieta González, was a bracero; he was born in the same city, on June 27, 1902; Sara had sixteen brothers and sisters, but three of them passed away. Summary of Interview: Sara’s father, Pedro Arrieta González, worked as a bracero; she vividly describes how poor she and her family were while she was growing up; there were times when they went days without eating, until her father was able to send them money from the United States; they were always happy to have him back home; prior to becoming a bracero, he made brooms; he repeatedly mentioned how fond he was of the United States, especially because it was so different; his first contract was in 1942, the year before Sara was born; she comments that virtually every time he returned home, he left her mom pregnant; he would frequently tell Sara about his different experiences in the United States, including an incident where he helped unload wounded soldiers from a train during World War II; while he was gone, which was often, his family also went through very difficult times; later, in 1967, Sara and her sister emigrated to the United States; after the bracero program ended, Pedro returned to México, and he continued making brooms; Sara also recalls that her father would come back home with boxes of clothes for the entire family; he would send money home by telegraph or by mail; in addition, he also told Sara about not being allowed into certain restaurants; consequently, neither Mexicans nor African Americans were permitted. Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Subject The topic of the resource bracero Title A name given to the resource Sara Arrieta https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/ayala_calderon_az010_1265c7af14.mp3 01027b179900ee7c0c377a427464161f Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview. Carrillo, Alma Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Ayala Calderon, Baltazar Location The location of the interview. Tolleson, Arizona Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 2:13:34 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 24 bit 96 k File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Ayala_Calderon_AZ010 Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. title (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'title' Dublin Core field. Baltazar Ayala Calderon creator (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'creator' Dublin Core field. Carrillo, Alma contributor (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'contributor' Dublin Core field. Cristóbal Borges Rights Holder Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cristóbal Borges Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Carrillo, Alma Ayala Calderon, Baltazar Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2008-01-10 Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Subject The topic of the resource bracero Title A name given to the resource Baltazar Ayala Calderon https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/basua_az011_f52b1d44cd.mp3 200a998a8a09d9946cdfaa0b2b487e3e Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview. Díaz, Alejandra Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Basua, Evangelina Location The location of the interview. Glendale, Arizona Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 24:43 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 24 bit 96 k File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Basua_AZ011 Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. title (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'title' Dublin Core field. Evangelina Basua creator (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'creator' Dublin Core field. Díaz, Alejandra contributor (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'contributor' Dublin Core field. Cristóbal Borges Rights Holder Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cristóbal Borges Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Díaz, Alejandra Basua, Evangelina Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2008-01-11 Description An account of the resource Biographical Synopsis of Interviewee: Evangelina Basua was born on a small ranch in Sinaloa, México, in 1948; she had three sisters and two brothers; her parents worked in agriculture, which she helped them with by the time she was roughly six years old; she was formally educated through the third grade; when she was sixteen, she married Virgen Beltrán Ochoa, who later served in the bracero program; consequently, her brother, brother-in-law, and cousin were also braceros. Summary of Interview: Ms. Basua describes her family and what her life was like growing up; when she was young, her brother José worked as a bracero, and he often brought her dolls from the United States; she goes on to discuss the circumstances surrounding her marriage to Virgen Beltrán Ochoa, when she was sixteen; they heard about the bracero program on the radio, and he went to Empalme, Sonora, México to enlist; as a bracero, he worked in Arizona and California picking cotton and cutting lettuce; his hands were ruined, especially because of all the thorns in the cotton; he was usually gone for three to six months at a time; while away, he lived in metal barracks with many other men, and he made his own food; his favorite place to work was in Indio, California, and his least favorite was Yuma, Arizona, because it was always so hot; instead of sending letters, he would often send money to his family through someone else who was going back to Mexico; when he returned he would bring his wife different types of cloth for her to make clothing; when he was gone, she would wash and iron clothes to help support her family; it was very hard for her and her children; she and three other women, whose husbands were also braceros, would help each other, and together they would count the days until their husbands’ return; after the program ended, Virgen worked the land, and he also bought and sold cattle; Evangelina also describes how her husband died while in Durango, Mexico; she later emigrated to the United States with her children, and she ultimately became a citizen. Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Subject The topic of the resource Wife of a bracero Title A name given to the resource Evangelina Basua