19 25 3209 https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/NAD-200401381732.jpg 317afc2c12c8a52381dae77f39c811e2 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource National Museum of American History, Division of Work and Industry Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Leonard Nadel Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1956-00-00 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National Museum of American History Relation A related resource See Nadel Footnotes, 1. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Restricted: no; Contact: NMAH Rights & Reproductions by email before distribution - rightsreproductions@si.edu Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Leonard Nadel Collection, NMAH. Catalogue #: 2004.0138.17.32; Negative #: NAD-2004.0138.17.32; Roll #: 17 Title A name given to the resource A typist gives a bracero a document while other are being processed at the Monterrey Processing Center, Mexico. Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Monterrey Processing Center, Nuevo Leon, Mexico Rights Holder National Museum of American History https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/NAD-200401380414.jpg cd8470a91382d5221aca2fe221363ea7 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource National Museum of American History, Division of Work and Industry Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Leonard Nadel Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1956-00-00 Description An account of the resource Local vendors sold food and beverages as well as hats while the braceros had to wait either to enter the Center or to be processed inside. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National Museum of American History Relation A related resource See Nadel Footnotes, 1. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Restricted: no; Contact: NMAH Rights & Reproductions by email before distribution - rightsreproductions@si.edu Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Leonard Nadel Collection, NMAH. Catalogue #: 2004.0138.04.14; Negative #: NAD-2004.0138.04.14; Roll #: 4 Title A name given to the resource A vendor sells pineapples to braceros at the Monterrey Processing Center, Mexico. Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Monterrey Processing Center, Nuevo Le?n, Mexico Rights Holder National Museum of American History https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/NAD-200401381936.jpg 6e2fa1cc3b5c678b1111993c945c5b3b Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource National Museum of American History, Division of Work and Industry Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Leonard Nadel Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1956-00-00 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National Museum of American History Relation A related resource See Nadel Footnotes, 18. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Restricted: no; Contact: NMAH Rights & Reproductions by email before distribution - rightsreproductions@si.edu Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Leonard Nadel Collection, NMAH. Catalogue #: 2004.0138.19.36; Negative #: NAD-2004.0138.19.36; Roll #: 19 Title A name given to the resource A view of living quarters in Stockton, California. Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Stockton, California Rights Holder National Museum of American History https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/NAD-200401381930.jpg d72a5fbded36fa91045a79da0a7f177a Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource National Museum of American History, Division of Work and Industry Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Leonard Nadel Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1956-00-00 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National Museum of American History Relation A related resource See Nadel Footnotes, 23. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Restricted: no; Contact: NMAH Rights & Reproductions by email before distribution - rightsreproductions@si.edu Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Leonard Nadel Collection, NMAH. Catalogue #: 2004.0138.19.30; Negative #: NAD-2004.0138.19.30; Roll #: 19 Title A name given to the resource A view over a labor camp amidst fields taken out of a plane flying over California. Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Over California Rights Holder National Museum of American History https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/NAD-200401381927.jpg 733bfa891d6f6987a31ec7d4b3d51fb3 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource National Museum of American History, Division of Work and Industry Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Leonard Nadel Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1956-00-00 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National Museum of American History Relation A related resource See Nadel Footnotes, 23. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Restricted: no; Contact: NMAH Rights & Reproductions by email before distribution - rightsreproductions@si.edu Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Leonard Nadel Collection, NMAH. Catalogue #: 2004.0138.19.27; Negative #: NAD-2004.0138.19.27; Roll #: 19 Title A name given to the resource A view over fields nearby a river taken out of a plane flying over California. Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Over California Rights Holder National Museum of American History https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/NAD-200401381929.jpg ebb05af5cc137569ea1969962ef9f73a Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource National Museum of American History, Division of Work and Industry Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Leonard Nadel Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1956-00-00 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National Museum of American History Relation A related resource See Nadel Footnotes, 23. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Restricted: no; Contact: NMAH Rights & Reproductions by email before distribution - rightsreproductions@si.edu Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Leonard Nadel Collection, NMAH. Catalogue #: 2004.0138.19.29; Negative #: NAD-2004.0138.19.29; Roll #: 19 Title A name given to the resource A view over fields nearby a river taken out of a plane flying over California. Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Over California Rights Holder National Museum of American History https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/NAD-200401381928.jpg 5017afbf391fa60d7cedf187630b0cdb Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource National Museum of American History, Division of Work and Industry Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Leonard Nadel Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1956-00-00 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National Museum of American History Relation A related resource See Nadel Footnotes, 23. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Restricted: no; Contact: NMAH Rights & Reproductions by email before distribution - rightsreproductions@si.edu Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Leonard Nadel Collection, NMAH. Catalogue #: 2004.0138.19.28; Negative #: NAD-2004.0138.19.28; Roll #: 19 Title A name given to the resource A view over fields taken out of a plane flying over California. Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Over California Rights Holder National Museum of American History https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/NAD-200401380439.jpg 1191c1eab35b4620e6baa962f4058921 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource National Museum of American History, Division of Work and Industry Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Leonard Nadel Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1956-00-00 Description An account of the resource Local vendors which were mostly women sold food and beverages as well as hats while the braceros had to wait either to enter the Monterrey Processing Center or to be processed inside. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National Museum of American History Relation A related resource See Nadel Footnotes, 1. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Restricted: no; Contact: NMAH Rights & Reproductions by email before distribution - rightsreproductions@si.edu Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Leonard Nadel Collection, NMAH. Catalogue #: 2004.0138.04.39; Negative #: NAD-2004.0138.04.39; Roll #: 4 Title A name given to the resource A woman sells food to braceros waiting in line at the Monterrey Processing Center, Mexico. Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Monterrey Processing Center, Nuevo Le?n, Mexico Rights Holder National Museum of American History https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/NAD-200401380613.jpg 013b14d8e9810c21aac9d0a4e09a81ec Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource National Museum of American History, Division of Work and Industry Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Leonard Nadel Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1956-00-00 Description An account of the resource Local vendors which were mostly women sold food and beverages as well as hats while the braceros had to wait either to enter the Monterrey Processing Center or to be processed inside. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National Museum of American History Relation A related resource See Nadel Footnote, 1. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Restricted: ; Contact: NMAH Rights & Reproductions by email before distribution - rightsreproductions@si.edu Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Leonard Nadel Collection, NMAH. Catalogue #: 2004.0138.06.13; Negative #: NAD-2004.0138.06.13; Roll #: 6 Title A name given to the resource A woman serves food and drinks to braceros at the Monterrey Processing Center, Mexico. Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Monterrey Processing Center, Nuevo Le?n, Mexico Rights Holder National Museum of American History https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/NAD-200401380803.jpg f6c2743351e37bd0790298746f7f4dc9 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource National Museum of American History, Division of Work and Industry Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Leonard Nadel Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1956-00-00 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National Museum of American History Relation A related resource See Nadel Footnotes, 4. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Restricted: no; Contact: NMAH Rights & Reproductions by email before distribution - rightsreproductions@si.edu Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Leonard Nadel Collection, NMAH. Catalogue #: 2004.0138.08.03; Negative #: NAD-2004.0138.08.03; Roll #: 8 Title A name given to the resource A woman stands in front of children in a braceros family home in San Mateo, Mexico. Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage San Mateo Atenco, Mexico, Mexico Rights Holder National Museum of American History https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/NAD-200401380802.jpg 45092b12e9b33759a87811f33d7d67d5 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource National Museum of American History, Division of Work and Industry Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Leonard Nadel Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1956-00-00 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National Museum of American History Relation A related resource See Nadel Footnotes, 4. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Restricted: no; Contact: NMAH Rights & Reproductions by email before distribution - rightsreproductions@si.edu Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Leonard Nadel Collection, NMAH. Catalogue #: 2004.0138.08.02; Negative #: NAD-2004.0138.08.02; Roll #: 8 Title A name given to the resource A woman works at a table as children stand in a braceros family home in San Mateo, Mexico. Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage San Mateo Atenco, Mexico, Mexico Rights Holder National Museum of American History https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/NAD-200401380809.jpg e516c4ca6a783d2c1089b69299cd42c3 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource National Museum of American History, Division of Work and Industry Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Leonard Nadel Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1956-00-00 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National Museum of American History Relation A related resource See Nadel Footnotes, 4. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Restricted: no; Contact: NMAH Rights & Reproductions by email before distribution - rightsreproductions@si.edu Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Leonard Nadel Collection, NMAH. Catalogue #: 2004.0138.08.09; Negative #: NAD-2004.0138.08.09; Roll #: 8 Title A name given to the resource A woman works at home surrounded by a radio, icons, furniture, and a painting of the Virgen de Guadalupe in San Mateo, Mexico. Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage San Mateo Atenco, Mexico, Mexico Rights Holder National Museum of American History https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/NAD-200401381508.jpg 77a58de3e8d30fb4fea4aa9e499244d1 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource National Museum of American History, Division of Work and Industry Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Leonard Nadel Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1956-00-00 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National Museum of American History Relation A related resource See Nadel Footnotes, 5. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Restricted: no; Contact: NMAH Rights & Reproductions by email before distribution - rightsreproductions@si.edu Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Leonard Nadel Collection, NMAH. Catalogue #: 2004.0138.15.08; Negative #: NAD-2004.0138.15.08; Roll #: 15 Title A name given to the resource A women sells filled tortillas to braceros while others wait in front of an official building to aplly for farm work in the United States, Mexico City, Mexico. Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Mexico City, Mexico Rights Holder National Museum of American History https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/NAD-200401380808.jpg f990657fe53e2bd9e77e45d465483536 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource National Museum of American History, Division of Work and Industry Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Leonard Nadel Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1956-00-00 Description An account of the resource Many people learned about the Bracero Program over the radio. A woman works at home surrounded by a radio, icons, furniture, and a painting of the Virgen de Guadalupe in San Mateo, Mexico. Original Caption: Home of a bracero's familiy in the village of San Mateo, Mexico. Highly religious people, the Mexican household is filled with religious figures and ornaments and symbols. Note the modern radio in the foreground of the picture. (B, #36) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National Museum of American History Relation A related resource Prints NAD-2004.0138.57.03/04. See Nadel Captions B, #36. See also Nadel Footnotes, 4. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Restricted: no; Contact: NMAH Rights & Reproductions by email before distribution - rightsreproductions@si.edu Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Leonard Nadel Collection, NMAH. Catalogue #: 2004.0138.08.08; Negative #: NAD-2004.0138.08.08; Roll #: 8 Title A name given to the resource A young woman works in the small village of San Mateo Atenco, Mexico. Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage San Mateo Atenco, Mexico, Mexico Rights Holder National Museum of American History Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Location The location of the interview. Durango, Durango, México Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 24 bit 96 k Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Castañeda Gámez, Aaron Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Aaron Castañeda Gámez Subject The topic of the resource bracero Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Castañeda Gámez, Aaron Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2003-02-01 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cristóbal Borges Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Language A language of the resource spa Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. No Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. title (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'title' Dublin Core field. Aaron Castañeda Gámez contributor (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'contributor' Dublin Core field. Cristóbal A. Borges Rights Holder Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/lerma4_230586afcf.jpg 5344b78d2f424c6b1745ade18384a7a9 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 227 Height 237 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 IPTC Array a:0:{} Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Consuelo Lerma Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data photo File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Lerma, Consuelo Resolution pixels per inch 72 Electronic Dimensions Digital file dims. in pixels. 227 x 237 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Steve Velasquez Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Consuelo Lerma Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2001-00-00 Description An account of the resource Image of women and children standing around a table with crafts. Woman standing at left (to right of child) Esther Marin (Mrs. Lerma's sister) helped her start the crafts project as part of the HELP Program. Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UTEP Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource UTEP Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived El Paso - Las Cruces Subject The topic of the resource Women Title A name given to the resource Activity craft table Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Rights Holder Consuelo Lerma Lesson Plan Instructional materials. Standards U.S. History Standards Standard 3C-The student understands the effects of World War II at home. Standard 4A -The student understands the “Second Reconstruction” and its advancement of civil rights. Historical Thinking Standards Standard 2. Understands the historical perspective Objectives Students will be better able to: <ul> <li>describe aspects of the Bracero labor program, which operated from 1942 to 1964.</li> <li>use documents as primary resources.</li> </ul> Materials <ul> <li>Public Law 45 available at <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070203013418/http://www.ccrh.org/comm/moses/primary/bracero.html">http://www.ccrh.org/comm/moses/primary/bracero.html</a></li> <li>Public Law 78 available at <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130201212122/http://library.uwb.edu/guides/USimmigration/1951_public_law_78.html">http://library.uwb.edu/guides/USimmigration/1951_public_law_78.html</a></li> <li>Documents, essays and photographs located at <a href="http://www.braceroarchive.org">http://www.braceroarchive.org</a></li> <li>Computer with Internet access</li> <li>Printer</li> <li>Pen, pencils and paper</li> </ul> Lesson Plan Text 1. Ask students to read the first two paragraphs Public Law 45 and section 501 Public Law 78 (Explain to students that they are reading primary documents; in this case, legislation which relates to the creation and implementation of the Bracero program in the United States.) Have them fill out the Document Analysis Worksheet (<a href="../../../DocumentAnalysisWorksheet.pdf">available at http://braceroarchive.org/DocumentAnalysisWorksheet.pdf</a>). For extra challenge, consider asking students to describe how these laws fit into or contrasted against other programs put in place by the presidents involved (Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman, and Lyndon B. Johnson). For additional research into the presidents, consider visiting the online exhibition The American Presidency: A Glorious Burden (<a href="http://americanhistory.si.edu/presidency/home.html">http://americanhistory.si.edu/presidency/home.html</a>), from the National Museum of American History. 2. Have students search the Bracero Archive (<a href="../../..//">www.braceroarchive.org</a>) to research the living and working conditions of bracero program’s workers. Have students record the resources they examine and take notes of from each resource. 3. Using the evidence from their research, have students discuss this topic: Did farmers follow through with the laws and protections set forth by these laws? What evidence do you have to support your conclusion? <a href="../../../DocumentAssessment.pdf">Download an Assessment Rubric for this Activity</a> <a href="../../../LearningFromDocuments.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Download this activity guide</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Activity-Learning from Documents Subject The topic of the resource braceros Description An account of the resource Best for students in grades six through twelve Students will examine two public laws and other primary resources related to the Bracero worker program and apply their knowledge to evaluate whether the program was carried out as intended. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Magdalena Mieri Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource James Halabuk Language A language of the resource eng Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. No Lesson Plan Instructional materials. Standards U.S. History Standards Standard 3C-The student understands the effects of World War II at home. Standard 4A -The student understands the “Second Reconstruction” and its advancement of civil rights. Historical Thinking Standards Standard 2F-Appreciate historical perspectives Standard 2I-Draw upon the visual, literary, and musical sources Standard 4B-Obtain historical data Objectives Students will be better able to • describe aspects of the Bracero labor program, which operated from 1942 to 1964. • use photographs as primary resources. Materials •Photographs: several images are posted (photographs by Leonard Nadel) online at <a href="http://www.braceroarchive.org"> www.braceroarchive.org</a> and from the exhibition <a href="http://americanhistory.si.edu/onthemove/themes/story_51_5.html"> America on the Move</a> at the National Museum of American History •Bracero Photograph Analysis Worksheet <a href="../../../photoanalysis.pdf"> (Available at http://braceroarchive.org/photoanalysis.pdf) </a> •Computer with Internet access •Printer •Pen/pencil and paper Lesson Plan Text 1. Divide the class into small groups. In small groups, have students discuss the following: What is immigration? What news, commentaries or stories have you read or heard about immigration to the United States? Do you know anyone who has immigrated, either recently or in the past, to the U.S.? This discussion is to prompt a dialogue between students and should not include a lecture. Also, each student should have equal and ample opportunity to describe what she/he has heard or learned about immigration from outside the usual classroom context. To extend this discussion, consider having students create a concept web. ReadWriteThink offers an online Webbing Tool <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091220091418/https://www.readwritethink.org/student_mat/student_material.asp?id=38"> (http://readwritethink.org/student_mat/student_material.asp?id=38)</a> that allows students to create webs online and print them to share. 2. Have students write short statements summarizing their thoughts about immigration. 3. Introduce students to the history of the Bracero labor program using the attached Background Information. You may want to share the content orally or have students read the essay individually. 4. Divide the class into small groups. 5. Hand each group one of the attached photographs to analyze and one of the attached Bracero Photograph Analysis sheets. Have them complete the first two columns (“evidence” and “conclusions”) based on the photograph. <a href="../../../items/show/1497"> (Photo 1) </a><a href="../../../items/show/1750">(Photo 2) </a><a href="../../../items/show/2383">(Photo 3)</a><a href="../../../items/show/1842"> (Photo 4) </a><a href="../../../items/show/1337">(Photo 5)</a> 6. After groups have completed the first two columns on the Bracero Photograph Analysis worksheet, have them access the Internet and view the photograph’s descriptive information. 7. Have groups compare their “conclusions” to what is online. Students should compare their conclusions (column three in the Bracero Photograph Analysis Worksheet) to the information provided on the online title and description of the photograph. 8. Have students take notes on whether or not their conclusions match what is online. Are they the same? Different? What new information can be learned from the online title and description for the photograph? Record these notes in column four in the Bracero Photograph Analysis Worksheet. 9. Bring all of the small groups back together to report out on their findings. Be sure to ask them to mention the evidence they saw in the photographs that lead them to make conclusions. To extend this activity, consider having students combine their knowledge of the Bracero labor program with their earliest thoughts on immigration. Ask students to reflect on whether this new knowledge impact (changes, confirms) the thoughts that they wrote down earlier (Step 2). <a href="../../../PhotoAssessment.pdf">Download an Assessment Rubric for this Activity</a> <a href="../../../LearningFromPhotos.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Download this activity guide</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Activity-Learning from Photos Subject The topic of the resource braceros Description An account of the resource Best for students in grades six through twelve Students will discuss their thoughts on immigration, learn about the Bracero labor program, and use photographs to develop deeper understandings of the Bracero labor program. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Magdalena Mieri Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource James Halabuk Language A language of the resource eng Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. No Lesson Plan Instructional materials. Standards U.S. History Standards Standard 3C-The student understands the effects of World War II at home. Standard 4A -The student understands the “Second Reconstruction” and its advancement of civil rights. Historical Thinking Standards Standard 1. Chronological thinking Standard 2. Understands the historical perspective Standard 3. Historical Analysis and Interpretation Objectives Students will be better able to <ul> <li>describe aspects of the Bracero labor program, which operated from 1942 to 1964</li> <li>use documents as primary resources</li> </ul> Materials <ul> <li>Internet access</li> <li><a href="../../../USAmap.jpg">Map of the United States</a></li> <li>Color Printer</li> <li>Paper and pencils</li> <li><a href="../../../items/show/175">Interview with Juan Loza</a></li> </ul> Lesson Plan Text 1. Have students access the oral history of Juan Loza online at <a href="../../../items/show/175">http://braceroarchive.org/items/show/175</a> (Spanish speakers can listen to the oral history in Spanish. Students who are not fluent in Spanish can read the English transcription.) 2. Have students print out the English transcript and read it. Ask students to highlight all sections related to Mr. Loza’s contracting work, identifying: • every state and town where he worked • the crops he harvested • the dates he was in that location 3. Have students visit National Geographic’s Xpedition Atlas to select a map on which to plot their research. For a greater technical challenge, consider having students use customizable maps on <a href="http://maps.google.com" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">GoogleMaps</a> (http://maps.google.com/) to electronically plot their research. 4. Have students plot the locations where Mr. Loza worked. For each location, also note the crops he harvested in that location and the dates he mentions in connection with that location. 5. Have students connect the locations on their map, indicating the direction of travel with arrows. 6. Engage students in a discussion: • For how long was Juan Loza a bracero worker? What was the longest time he spent in one location? • What types of crops did he work on? • How many different work locations did he work? How do you think the travel between multiple work locations impacted his social or family life? • Why didn’t he pick one location and stay there? • Articulate some of the thoughts he might have had about the locations where he worked. How might he have compared different locations? How might he have responded emotionally to the migratory nature of his work? • For students with background knowledge on the bracero program, Judge whether Juan was better off working as a bracero in America or staying in his homeland. <a href="../../../TraceRouteBracero.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Download this activity guide</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Activity-Tracing the Route of a Bracero Subject The topic of the resource braceros Description An account of the resource Best for students in grades six through eight Students will examine an oral history related to the Bracero worker program and present their research on a map. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Magdalena Mieri Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource James Halabuk Language A language of the resource eng Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. No Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Text Any textual data included in the document. I grew up in Ventura County, California in the 1960s. Every summer the braceros would magically appear, working in the agricultural fields surrounding our tiny town of Somis. They would stay for a few months and then just as magically disappear – headed north, we heard. I was curious about them, and to be honest a little afraid of them. They seemed rough and tough and free, quite unlike anyone else I had ever seen. The summer after my freshman year in high school I was able to get a job working in the fields. I was the only “gringo” kid in the crew and, although I could work almost as hard and as long as the braceros, the fact that I could speak Spanish really made a difference. I was invited to join them for lunch and for their morning and afternoon “taco breaks”, and they taught me words that were much more colorful than those I learned in Spanish class. I had asthma as a kid and one day I came to work after a particularly difficult bout, still having difficulty breathing. I knew that if I worked in the sun for a few hours I would probably be OK, but I wasn’t sure I could make it. We were all supposed to work our way down the field rows at the same pace, and if you fell behind or were seen helping someone else you could find yourself in a lot of trouble. The field boss was in a particularly foul mood that day, which only made matters worse. I began to fall behind and was growing really worried when the bracero in the row to my left began stealthily working my row in addition to his own. Then the one to my right began doing the same thing. Neither of them said a word, but both of them were risking the wrath of the field boss just to help me. We worked this way for about two hours until I was able to handle it myself. I have never forgotten those acts of kindness or the generosity of spirit they showed. They demonstrated in a very personal way the real purpose of the bracero program, extending an arm to help a neighbor. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Acts of Kindness Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ron Taylor Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Ron Taylor Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource You are being asked to contribute your story to the Bracero History Archive, which is developing a permanent digital record of the Bracero program. Your participation in the project will allow future historians, and people such as yourself, to gain a greater understanding of this program and its effect on the people involved. You must be 13 years of age or older to submit material to us. Your submission of material constitutes your permission for, and consent to, its dissemination and use in connection with the Bracero History Archive in all media in perpetuity. If you have so indicated on the form, your material will be published on the Bracero History Archive website (with or without your name, depending on what you have indicated). Otherwise, your response will only be available to approved researchers using the Bracero History Archive. The material you submit must have been created by you, wholly original, and shall not be copied from or based, in whole or part, upon any other photographic, literary, or other material, except to the extent that such material is in the public domain. Further, such material must not violate any confidentiality, privacy, security or other laws. By submitting to the Bracero History Archive you release, discharge, and agree to hold harmless the Bracero History Archive and persons acting under its permission or authority, including a public library to which the collection might be donated for purposes of long-term preservation, from any claims or liability arising out of the Bracero History Archive's use of the material, including, without limitation, claims for violation of privacy, defamation, or misrepresentation. The Bracero History Archive has no obligation to use your material. Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. Yes Posting Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to post this to the archive. (Yes/No) Yes Submission Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to submit this to the archive. (Yes/No) Yes Contributor is Creator Indicates whether or not the contributor of the Item is responsible for its creation. Yes bracero kindness https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/lopez_gutierrez_heb021_d986ad579a.mp3 e57d3616e196741685e26772d96feceb Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview. Mena, Violeta Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. López Gutiérrez, Adelino Location The location of the interview. Heber, CA Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Mini disc Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 58 minutes Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 24 bit 96 k File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Lopez_Gutierrez_HEB021 Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. title (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'title' Dublin Core field. Adelino López Gutiérrez contributor (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'contributor' Dublin Core field. Cristóbal A. Borges Rights Holder Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cristóbal Borges Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mena, Violeta López Gutiérrez, Adelino Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006-05-24 Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Subject The topic of the resource bracero Title A name given to the resource Adelino López Gutiérrez https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/gonzalez_heb016_32caf4f771.mp3 20efc04a10bfba352409b271fb6e485a Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview. Garza, Rochelle Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. González, Adolfo Location The location of the interview. Heber, CA Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Mini Disc Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 38 minutes Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 24 bit 96 k File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Gonzalez_HEB016 Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. title (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'title' Dublin Core field. Adolfo González contributor (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'contributor' Dublin Core field. Cristóbal A. Borges Rights Holder Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cristóbal Borges Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Garza, Rochelle González, Adolfo Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006-05-24 Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Subject The topic of the resource bracero Title A name given to the resource Adolfo González, https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/valdez_verduzco_heb052_ef591f3aa7.mp3 579c347f66dd68f8669ccc7f9cdf1735 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview. Carrillo, Alma Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Valdez Verduzco, Adolfo Location The location of the interview. Heber, CA Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Mini Disc Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 40 minutes Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 24 bit 96 k File Name Identifier The identifier for the sound file. Valdez_Verduzco_HEB052 Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. title (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'title' Dublin Core field. Adolfo Valdez Verduzco contributor (Spanish) Spanish version of the 'contributor' Dublin Core field. Cristóbal A. Borges Rights Holder Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Cristóbal Borges Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Carrillo, Alma Valdez Verduzco, Adolfo Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006-05-24 Language A language of the resource spa Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Institute of Oral History, The University of Texas at El Paso Subject The topic of the resource bracero Title A name given to the resource Adolfo Valdez Verduzco https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/NAD-200401381931.jpg f855621df9cb93252c7dcd2ddd8a7441 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource National Museum of American History, Division of Work and Industry Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Leonard Nadel Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1956-00-00 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National Museum of American History Relation A related resource See Nadel Footnotes, 23. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Restricted: no; Contact: NMAH Rights & Reproductions by email before distribution - rightsreproductions@si.edu Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Leonard Nadel Collection, NMAH. Catalogue #: 2004.0138.19.31; Negative #: NAD-2004.0138.19.31; Roll #: 19 Title A name given to the resource Aerial view of fields nearby a river taken out of a plane flying over California. Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Over California Rights Holder National Museum of American History https://www.braceroarchive.org/files/original/NAD-200401381933.jpg bbf1459e5eb8cf1e23b7f7f98d6f25b8 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource National Museum of American History, Division of Work and Industry Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Leonard Nadel Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1956-00-00 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National Museum of American History Relation A related resource See Nadel Footnotes, 23. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Restricted: no; Contact: NMAH Rights & Reproductions by email before distribution - rightsreproductions@si.edu Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Leonard Nadel Collection, NMAH. Catalogue #: 2004.0138.19.33; Negative #: NAD-2004.0138.19.33; Roll #: 19 Title A name given to the resource Aerial view of fields taken out of a plane flying over California. Additional Item Metadata The additional item metadata element set, consisting of all item elements created by an administrator and not assigned to an item type, and item elements created by plugins and not assigned to an item type or other element set. Additionally, the metadata element set that, in addition to the Dublin Core element set, was included in the `items` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all Omeka items. Spatial Coverage Over California Rights Holder National Museum of American History